Working Principle of the Braking System of Agriculture Machine

Working Principle of the Braking System of Agriculture Machine

The braking system is a series of specialized devices that make it possible to forcibly reduce the operating speed of the agriculture machine. The braking system is mainly composed of energy supply device, control device, transmission device and brake.

 

Working Principle of the Braking System

 

1. Basic Structure of General Braking System

It is mainly composed of wheel brake, hydraulic transmission and pneumatic transmission mechanism, which are the main tractor parts.

 

The wheel brake is mainly composed of a rotating part, a fixed part and an adjusting mechanism. The rotating part is a brake drum, the fixed part includes a brake shoe and a brake floor, the adjusting mechanism is composed of an eccentric support pin and an adjusting cam for adjusting the shoe drum clearance.

 

Hydraulic brake transmission mechanism is mainly composed of brake pedal, push rod, brake master cylinder, brake wheel cylinder and pipeline.

 

Pneumatic brake transmission mechanism is mainly composed of brake pedal, push rod, brake master valve, air dryer, four-circuit protection valve, brake air chamber and pipeline.

 

2. Working Principle of Braking System

The general working principle of the braking system is to use the mutual friction between the non-rotating elements connected to the vehicle body (or frame) and the rotating elements connected to the wheels (or transmission shafts) to prevent the wheels from turning.

 

1) When the braking system is not working.

There is a gap between the drums, and the wheels and brake drums can rotate freely

 

2) When the braking system is working.

To slow down the car, depress the brake pedal through the push rod and the master cylinder to make the master cylinder oil flow into the wheel cylinder under a certain pressure, and push the brake shoe around the support pin by pushing the two-wheel cylinder piston, the upper end is separated to both sides and its friction plate is pressed against the inner circular surface of the brake drum. Non-rotating brake shoes generate friction torque to the rotating brake drum, thereby generating braking force.

 

3) Release the braking system.

When the brake pedal is released, the brake shoe is pulled back to the original position, and the braking force disappears.

 

 

3. Structure and Working Process of the Master Brake Cylinder

 

The role of the master brake cylinder is to convert the mechanical energy from the outside into hydraulic energy, so that the hydraulic energy is input to the brake wheel cylinder through the pipeline.

 

The master brake cylinder is divided into single chamber and double chamber, which are used for single and double circuit hydraulic brake system.

 

1) Single-chamber master brake cylinder

A. When the brake system is not working

The master cylinder piston is located between the compensation hole and the oil return hole

 

B. When braking

The piston moves to the left, the oil pressure rises, and the wheels brake

 

C. Release the brake

Remove the pedal force, return spring action, the piston and oil return, and the brake is released.

 

2) Double-chamber master brake cylinder

When braking, the first piston moves to the left and the oil pressure rises. The brake fluid is delivered to the right front left rear brake circuit against the elastic force. At the same time, the second piston is pushed to increase the hydraulic pressure in the second chamber, and then the two-wheel system move.

 

When the brake is released, the piston returns to its position under the action of the spring, and the hydraulic oil flows back from the wheel cylinder and the pipeline to the brake master cylinder. If the piston returns quickly, the inner volume of the working chamber will also expand rapidly, which will quickly reduce the oil pressure. The oil in the liquid storage tank can be pushed into the working chamber through the oil inlet and the small hole above the piston. When the piston is fully returned, the compensation hole is opened, and the excess oil in the working chamber flows back to the liquid storage tank through the compensation hole.

 

4. Structure and Working Process of the Brake Wheel Cylinder

The function of the brake wheel cylinder : It converts hydraulic force into mechanical thrust. There are two types: single piston and double piston.

 

Working process:

When braking, the hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber between the two pistons, which in turn pushes the brake shoes to open to achieve braking.

 

Air cylinder bolts are provided on the wheel cylinder to ensure sensitive and reliable braking.